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| Sicilian bowmen , drawing by Wraithdt |
It is the built kingdom, in the XIIIth century, in Sicily by the Angevins of Charles I of Anjou, brother of the king of France Louis IX. It is not the most efficient army possible in DBA, far from it but it has a certain appeal due to its colorful composition, allying Saracen troops and western chivalry.
This army interests me since the reading in the 80's of an article of the Messenger (Bulletin of the French Federation of game of history - FFJH) and, in the 90s, a dossier appeared in the magazine Medieval history .
It is noteworthy that the DBA list of medieval Sicilians stops in 1266 to resume in 1282, the author considering undoubtedly that the Ost Angevin must be represented by the French list.
This is not my point of view (except for the phase of conquest of course) because Charles I used extensively mounted archers or pedestrians Saracens (which is particularly developed in the article of the Messenger) I will use this list IV / 5b for the Angevins of Sicily.
This army interests me since the reading in the 80's of an article of the Messenger (Bulletin of the French Federation of game of history - FFJH) and, in the 90s, a dossier appeared in the magazine Medieval history .
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| Angevine victoy at beneventum , against Manfred de Hohenstauffen |
It is noteworthy that the DBA list of medieval Sicilians stops in 1266 to resume in 1282, the author considering undoubtedly that the Ost Angevin must be represented by the French list.
This is not my point of view (except for the phase of conquest of course) because Charles I used extensively mounted archers or pedestrians Saracens (which is particularly developed in the article of the Messenger) I will use this list IV / 5b for the Angevins of Sicily.
3 Generals(3kn)
9 French knights (3Kn)
3 Sarrasin mounted bowmen (3Bw-mtd)
15 Sarrasin light bowmen (Ps)
3 French and sicilian spearmen (Sp)
3 Griffons (7Hd)
An army with a large number of light infantry, which could give it a few trumps in difficult terrain, but which is thus greatly handicapped by its aggressiveness (Ag 3) and its lack of somewhat stronger light troops (3Ax or 4ax). In fact, despite its spectacular appearance, it seems little represented on the game tables.
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| The Count of Provence Charles I of Anjou inducted King of Sicily by Pope Clement IV, Fresco of the Ferrande Tower in Pernes-les-Fontaines |
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| Same scene in a 15th century illumination. |
A representation of 1268 makes it possible to envisage endowing the heavy infantry (the Sp) with ecus to the arms of Charles. It shows, by its date, weapons of Anjou alone but for an army posterior to 1277, I strongly consider to endow them with bipartisan weapons.
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| Decapitation of Conradin by the Angevins, 1268 |
Interesting link on the administration of Charles I of Anjou on his estates: Hre."Charles d'Anjou participa à la septième Croisade avec son frère Saint Louis et fut, comme lui, fait prisonnier en Égypte. Malgré les réticences de Saint Louis, il accepta finalement les propositions du pape, qui, dès 1253, offrait de lui inféoder le royaume de Sicile. Charles d'Anjou se constitua un parti en Italie, devint sénateur de Rome en 1263 et prit la tête de la Ligue guelfe. Vainqueur de Manfred à Bénévent, il fut reconnu en 1266 comme roi de Sicile. Vicaire impérial en Toscane et podestat de Florence, maître de l'Italie méridionale et de la Sicile, Charles d'Anjou ne s'estima pas satisfait et reprit contre Byzance la politique traditionnelle des souverains siciliens. Il obtint la principauté d'Achaïe en 1267 et devint roi de Jérusalem en 1277. L'énergie avec laquelle ce Capétien établit dans son royaume sicilien des cadres administratifs rigoureux et une fiscalité inadaptée à l'économie locale rendit vite impopulaires l'Angevin et les barons de son entourage. La révolte dite des Vêpres siciliennes, le 31 mars 1282, et l'intervention d'une armée aragonaise firent passer l'île en quelques mois sous la domination de Pierre III d'Aragon, gendre de Manfred. Charles conserva la partie continentale du royaume et sa capitale, Naples, dont il avait fait le siège d'une cour brillante. Malgré d'âpres compétitions, dues en grande partie aux interventions du Saint-Siège, de qui il était tenu en fief, le royaume de Naples survécut deux siècles à son fondateur." Jean Favier
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| Victoy against Manfred, at Beneventum, 1266 |
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| Charles Ier d' Anjou |
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| His son Charles II |
"The house of Toulouse died with Raimond Bérenger, who died in 1245 without any male offspring. His eldest daughter, Marguerite, married Louis IX, Saint Louis in 1234, and his last daughter, Beatrice, married Charles, brother of Louis IX, shortly after the death of his father, in 1246, and brought Provence to her. In spite of the opposition and the revolts of the Provencals and the Marseillais, Charles succeeded in imposing himself. Pope Innocent IV., In order not to leave the crown of Sicily to the heir of Frederick II. Of Hohenstaufen, addressed Charles. The latter accepted in 1253, then abandoned the project of conquest. However, he showed his interest in Italy by pushing the limits of the county of Provence in the middle of Piedmont in 1260-1261. Urban IV, a French pope, again offered the Sicilian crown to the court of France. Saint Louis allowed his brother to resume negotiations. Clement IV, equally devoted to the French cause, appealed in 1265 to Charles of Anjou. The latter immediately went to Italy, entered Rome, and conquered all southern Italy and Sicily. The military conquest was completed in 1269. The important bull of investiture dates from 1265. The kingdom of Naples, a papal fief, was given back to Charles d'Anjou and "to his descendants in direct line or collateral, Fourth degree ". The power of the popes over southern Italy had no other basis than "the donations of Constantine and Charles."
Charles I, king of Naples, had for children Charles, Philip and Beatrice. Charles became King of Naples on the death of his father in 1285. Beatrice married Philippe de Courtenay in 1273, whose daughter Catherine, as we shall see, married Charles de Valois, the brother of the King of France, Philip the Fair, whose son Will be the founder of the dynasty of the Valois, Philippe (VI).
Charles II, king of Naples, married, in 1273, Mary of Hungary, heiress of the king of Hungary, Stephen V, died in 1275, without male offspring. From this alliance were born four principal branches: Hungary, Naples, Tarentum, and Duras. They were successively Charles Martel, pretender to the throne of Hungary, Louis, Bishop of Toulouse (1297), Robert, future King of Naples, Philip of Tarentum, John of Duras and Margaret. We shall study each of these progenies successively." Christian de Merindol
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| Un ouvrage intéressant sur ce thème |
Figures
Nothing very complicated. Many brands offer various and varied buckwheat or western knights of the thirteenth century. |
| XIIIth century knights from Curteys miniatures. |
A figurine that I intend to use to represent Charles d 'Anjou: the reference King john NC10 of Trent miniatures.
